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In finishing our discussion of singled-quoted strings, consider these examples of strings that are not legal because they violate the exceptions we talked about above:
'You cannot do this: \'; # INVALID: the ending \ cannot be alone
'It is 5 o'clock!' # INVALID: the ' in o'clock should be escaped
'Three \'s: \\\\\'; # INVALID: the final \ escapes the ', thus
# the literal is not terminated
'This is my string; # INVALID: missing close quote
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Sometimes, when you have invalid string literals such as in the example above, the error message that Perl gives is not particularly intuitive. However, when you see error messages such as:
(Might be a runaway multi-line '' string starting on line X) Bareword found where operator expected Bareword "foo" not allowed while "strict subs" in use |
It is often an indication that you have runaway or invalid strings. Keep an eye out for these problems. Chances are, you will forget and violate one of the rules for single-quoted strings eventually, and then need to determine why you are unable to run your Perl program.
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